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Q.S.B.S. Stacking: Is the Clock Ticking?

Q.S.B.S. Stacking: Is the Clock Ticking?

“Q.S.B.S.” is a tax related acronym in the U.S. for Qualified Small Business Stock. When a start-up corporation meets certain conditions enumerated in Code §1202, noncorporate investors are offered the opportunity to derive tax-free capital gains by holding the investment for a period of time prior to a liquidity event. The greater of $10 million of gain or 10 times the taxpayer’s basis in the Q.S.B.S. – referred to as “basis loading – may be exempt from tax on exit. The tax benefit can be enhanced by creating multiple irrevocable nongrantor trusts, each formed for the benefit of a specific family member. Each trust is entitled to its own capital gain exemption, so long as the multiple trust rule of Code §643(f) is not triggered. Under that rule, multiple trusts having (i) the same grantor, (ii) substantially the same primary beneficiaries, and (iii) an income tax avoidance purpose are treated as a single trust.. Among savvy investors, the tax plan is known as “stacking.” In her article, Galia Antebi reports that Treasury Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy Kenneth Kies recently signaled that Treasury does not like stacking. The bad news is that forthcoming Q.S.B.S. guidance is expected to limit taxpayers’ ability to multiply the benefit. The good news is that basis loading is not a target – at least for now.

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Bigger Benefits for (Bigger) Small Businesses: Q.S.B.S. Changes in O.B.B.B.

Bigger Benefits for (Bigger) Small Businesses: Q.S.B.S. Changes in O.B.B.B.

The Qualified Small Business Stock” (“Q.S.B.S.”) rules broadly allow for tax-free sales of Q.S.B.S., up to a certain limit. The benefit is subject to meeting several requirements, among which is a requirement for a five-year holding period by the seller. In their article, Galia Antebi, Nina Krauthamer and Wooyoung Lee explain that the One Big Beautiful Bill (“O.B.B.B.”) causes the Q.S.B.S. benefit to be significantly more investor friendly. It allows for more gain exclusion, bigger businesses to qualify, and partial exclusions for holding periods shorter than five years.

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Will Service Automation Companies Qualify for the Q.S.B.S. Exemption?

Will Service Automation Companies Qualify for the Q.S.B.S. Exemption?

Many U.S. investors and business owners are familiar with the tax exemption provided to U.S. individuals recognizing gains from the sale of certain U.S. stock, defined as qualified small business stock (“Q.S.B.S.”). The Q.S.B.S. exemption plays an important role in the growth of hi-tech industry, which is dependent on investments by U.S. persons. It typically benefits U.S. individuals who invest in start-up software companies. However, the Q.S.B.S. exemption is not available for investment gains related to corporations engaged in the provision of nonqualified services, such as health care, brokerage, law, engineering, architecture, and accounting. However, a business that develops software that is used in those may qualify in certain circumstances, but not qualify in others. The key is whether the software is a tool for a person performing the nonqualified business or the software supplants the individual in performing the business. In this article, Stanley C. Ruchelman addresses two I.R.S. rulings illustrating the facts that distinguish a computer program that is a tool for service providers from facts that cause a program to be treated as a robot service provider.

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Is it Safe to Use a S.A.F.E.?

Is it Safe to Use a S.A.F.E.?

In 2013 a new investment scheme was introduced to the world. A Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“S.A.F.E.”) allows a company to receive funds in exchange for an obligation to issue shares in the future at favorable conversion rates for an investor at the happening of a fundraising round, a liquidity event, or an I.P.O. The S.A.F.E. is popular among start-up tech companies because of its simplicity. However, it does not properly fit into any of the usual categories of investment vehicles, such as debt or equity, and there is much ambiguity as to the proper characterization of a S.A.F.E. for U.S. tax purposes. Stanley C. Ruchelman and Daniela Shani take a deep dive into the tax issues that surround the character of a S.A.F.E. Should it be treated as debt, equity, a warrant, a prepaid variable forward contract? None of the above? While the I.R.S. was asked by the A.I.C.P.A. to provide guidance on the character of a S.A.F.E. arrangement, the I.R.S. declined to include the matter in its 2023-2024 list of regulatory priorities.

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Qualified Small Business Stock & the EB-5 Visa Program – An Attractive Combination for Potential Investors

Qualified Small Business Stock & the EB-5 Visa Program – An Attractive Combination for Potential Investors

Ever heard of qualified small business stock (“Q.S.B.S.”) as a means of investing in start-up companies?  Although it is not typically thought of as a tax planning tool for foreign investors, when the foreign person is an applicant for an EB-5 visa, the tax results can be surprisingly good.  Fanny Karaman and Beate Erwin explain.

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