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U.K. Criminal Penalties for Improper Tax Planning – Could You Be Effected?

U.K. Criminal Penalties for Improper Tax Planning – Could You Be Effected?

New powers have been given to H.M.R.C. in recent legislation, and new criminal and civil penalties have been enacted as part of a massive legislative program designed to stop U.K. residents from participating in offshore tax avoidance and evasion schemes.  Several criminal penalties are directed to advisory firms that facilitated tax offenses.  In certain circumstances, advisory firms based outside the U.K. will be at risk of prosecution.  Gary Ashford of Harbottle and Lewis L.L.P., London, and Stanley C. Ruchelman examine the new provisions.

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A Year of Guest Features

A Year of Guest Features

This month, we reminisce on the best of 2016, with articles contributed by guest authors from around the world.

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U.K. Tax Residency Rules for Individuals and Companies

U.K. Tax Residency Rules for Individuals and Companies

Richard Holme and Simon Tadman of Creaseys, U.K., explain the wonderfully complex set of rules that are applied to determine whether an individual is a resident of the U.K. for income tax purposes and whether a company is a tax resident for corporation tax purposes. Can the new Statutory Residence Test bring certainty to the determination in light of the increase in complexity?

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European Commission Rocking the Boat at Arm's Length

European Commission Rocking the Boat at Arm's Length

This month, transfer pricing economists Theo Elshof, Olaf Smits, and Mark van Mil of Quantera Global, Amsterdam, explore the European Commission’s definition of the term “arm’s length” in recent State Aid cases.  Tax advisers with experience in transfer pricing matters will be surprised to find that reliance on practices of global competitors in the same or similar industry is not relevant when the matter relates to tax rulings comprising State Aid.

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Goods and Services Tax: A Game Changer

Goods and Services Tax: A Game Changer

The passage of the Constitution Act, 2016, has brought India one step closer to adopting a national G.S.T. as its new indirect tax structure.  The G.S.T. will replace central and state levies with a goal of eliminating multiple taxation of the same transaction.   Sakate Khaitan of Khaitan Legal Associates, Mumbai, explains the rates, the coordination among jurisdictions, and the anticipated effect on business.  A paradigm shift in the Indian economy is anticipated at both the micro and the macro levels.

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Spanish Tax Implications of Nonresident Private Investment in Spanish Real Estate

Spanish real estate has become an attractive investment opportunity for those in search of high-quality real property at reasonable prices.  Local knowledge of taxes is key for an unsuspecting, nonresident investor to avoid various tax traps.  María Manzano, a partner specializing in tax at Altalex in Madrid, Spain, explains the main Spanish tax consequences that arise during the investment cycle of nonresident private investment in Spanish real estate.

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Further Developments for U.K. Non-Dom Individuals

Further Developments for U.K. Non-Dom Individuals

A significant claw back of benefits for individuals with Non-Dom status was first announced in the Summer Budget of 2015.  In August, H.M.R.C. proposed implementing legislation in a follow-up consultation document.  Specific benefits covered included inheritance tax for shares of envelope companies owning U.K. residential real property, deemed domicile rules for long-term U.K. residents, and several provisions to lessen the impact of these changes.  Gary Ashford of Harbottle & Lewis, London explains.

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The End of the Negotiation: Protocol to India-Mauritius Tax Treaty Finally Released

After several years of negotiations, a new protocol to the Mauritius-India Income Tax Treaty has been agreed between the parties.  In a nutshell, India benefits from amended provisions that are in line with other bilateral treaties, while Mauritius benefits from the adoption of grandfathering provisions regarding capital gains from the disposition of certain shares.  Investors in both countries will benefit from greater certainty in taxing outcomes.  Anurag Jain and Parul Jain of Attorneys BMR & Associates L.L.P., Gurgaon, address the highlights of the new provisions.

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Italy Modernizes Tax Treatment of L.B.O. Transactions

In a Circular Letter issued in March by the Agenzia delle Entrate, the Italian tax authority, rules were issued providing for rational tax treatment of costs and gains arising in the context of leveraged buyout transactions.  Luca Rossi and Marina Ampolilla of Studio Tributario Associato Facchini Rossi & Soci explain the changes and bring good news to investment bankers and their clients.

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Canada Adopts Changes to Trust & Estate Taxation Rules

On January 1, new income tax rules came into effect regarding the Canadian taxation of trusts and estates. Use of graduated tax rates for multiple trust, charitable donation credits for estates, and allocation of gains at death are the targets. Amanda Stacey, Nicole D’Aoust, and Rahul Sharma of Miller Thomson LLP, Toronto explain.

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U.K. Adopts Public Register of People with Significant Control Over U.K. Corporations

Think you can hide behind a corporate shell in order to avoid notoriety? Think again if you own a company or L.L.P. formed in the U.K. These entities are now being required to maintain a statutory register setting out the individuals who are considered “persons with significant control,” and beginning in July, the registers are to be made available to the public. Naomi Lawson and Melanie Jory of Memery Crystal, London, explain of this new, transparency-seeking legislation and provide commentary on the multitude of potentially adverse consequences.

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Exchange of Information: Israel Inches Toward International Norms

The State of Israel depends on immigration for growth in population and capital. Favorable tax rules and confidentiality rules are key pillars of the policy to promote immigration. In a world that is obsessed with B.E.P.S., Israeli policy towards confidentiality is experiencing change. Boaz Feinberg and Ofir Paz of ZAG-S&W, Tel Aviv discuss the scope of that change.

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India Budget 2016-17

On February 29, 2016, the Indian Finance Minister presented Budget 2016-17 and Finance Bill, 2016 to the Indian Parliament. Significant amendments to the tax law reflecting several B.E.P.S. recommendations and key economic policy proposals were announced. Jairaj Purandare, the Founder and Chairman of JPM Advisors Pvt. Ltd. explains the winners and losers.

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B.E.P.S. Initiative Spawns Unfavorable Permanent Establishment Court Decisions

Two court cases in different parts of the world attack tax plans premised on the absence of a permanent establishment. Pertinent U.S. income tax treaties, with Japan and India respectively, were effectively ignored in each case. Taketsugu Osada, Christine Long, and Stanley C. Ruchelman explain.

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The Meanderings of the Taxation of U.K. Real Estate: Where Are We Going?

For those who are considering the acquisition of U.K. real property for personal use, an unhappy surprise awaits. The U.K. government is actively waging a tax campaign against structures commonly used for these acquisitions and referred to derisively as “Enveloped Dwellings.” Increased stamp duty on land transactions, annual tax on Enveloped Dwellings and related capital gains charges, and extended scope of inheritance tax take the sizzle out of high-value purchases. Naomi Lawton of Memery Crystal L.L.P., London ruminates on this puzzling development.

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The Common Reporting Standard – A Global F.A.T.C.A.?

The Common Reporting Standard ("C.R.S.") for the automatic exchange of information by financial institutions is now in effect for the 56 jurisdictions that are Early Adopters. How will the C.R.S. work and who will be affected? How does it interact with F.A.T.C.A. I.G.A.’s? Richard Addlestone of Solomon Harris, Grand Cayman answers these and other questions.

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Portugal: A Race Towards Tax Competitiveness – The Non-Habitual Tax Resident Regime

As part of our series addressing favorable tax rules for non-domiciled resident individuals in various countries, Alexandra Courela and Susana A. Duarte of Abreu Advogados in Lisbon explain the Portuguese approach in extending tax benefits to new arrivals holding “Golden Visas” or who otherwise qualify for work-related visas for the performance of designated high value activities. Employment income from services performed in Portugal is taxed at a low rate and foreign source service income may be exempt from tax if certain conditions apply. Foreign-source plain vanilla investment income and gains may be exempt, too.

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What is the Future for New Immigrant Benefits?

Continuing our series on favorable tax rules for non-domiciled resident individuals, Guy Katz and Danielle Halimi of Herzog Fox and Neeman in Tel Aviv explain the Israeli tax benefits for those individuals who are categorized as “New Immigrants.” Benefits begin with a ten-year exemption for foreign-source income and gains – the exemption applies to both tax and information reporting. Regular returning residents receive generous but scaled back benefits. Remittances from abroad are not penalized with tax.

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Spanish Tax Regime for Incoming Professionals

Heard of the “Beckham Law” that limits income tax in Spain for certain non-domiciled individuals? Think of European football (soccer) players. Pablo Alarcón Espinosa of Alarcón-Espinosa, Abogados in Madrid explains how persons migrating to Spain for work purposes can avail themselves of a reduced tax regime for domestic income and an exemption for foreign income and gains. Like Switzerland, remittances from abroad are not penalized with tax.

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The Forfait Tax Regime in Switzerland – A Venerable Alternative

The Swiss forfait tax regime is discussed by Michael Fischer of Froriep in Zurich. The forfait is battle-tested and has beaten back a referendum in 2014 that would have repealed the benefit. Beware – the forfait is not available in all cantons and the minimum tax rate varies widely. In comparison to the U.K. and Ireland, remittances from abroad are not penalized with tax.

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